Furthermore, the kidneys are involved in the production of essential hormones that contribute to overall well-being. They produce erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that plays a crucial role in the maturation of red blood cells, thereby helping to maintain adequate blood hemoglobin levels. Moreover, the kidneys are responsible for producing active vitamin D, which is necessary for bone health and various vital body functions. Additionally, they contribute significantly to drug metabolism by removing most of the drugs consumed by individuals, ensuring the elimination of potentially harmful substances from the body. Overall, the multifaceted functions of the kidneys highlight their indispensable role in maintaining optimal health and well-being.